[Evaluation of correlation between musculoskeletal cervical spine abnormalities and chronic headache]

Headache is one of the most common painful conditions that affects human and many reasons for it has been suggested. Despite a considerable amount of studies indicate that headaches originating from the cervical spine, it has a controversial role for cervical spine to create headaches. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between musculoskeletal cervical spine abnormalities and chronic headache. This observational [case - control] analytical study conducted on fifty patient with chronic headache and fifty individuals as control who had not a headache and their related conditions referred to Neurological Clinic of Imam Reza Hospital in Tehran. All studied individuals were matched for age and sex. Their musculoskeletal cervical spine abnormalities evaluated by history and physical examination then compared by statistical analysis like chi-square and t tests Several types of musculoskeletal abnormalities of cervical spine including Limitation of Motion, joint tenderness, trigger point and cervical and shoulder muscular tenderness had significant difference in prevalence between patients with headache and control groups. Cervical spine disorders could be cause of headache and we can help the patients with chronic headache by diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal cervical spine abnormalities

[How could FAIR test modify the H reflex in gastrocnemius muscle in patients with piriformis syndrome?]

Priformis syndrome [PS] is defined by a loose cluster of symptoms arising from entrapment of one or both divisions of the sciatic nerve as they pass the sciatic notch. This paper presents a method of using the H-reflex as an aid in the diagnosis of PS. Forcible pressure from the priformis muscle on the sciatic nerve can be induced by internal rotation of an affected limb in an adducted and flexed position [FAIR]. This pressure is reflected in a delay of the H-reflex. The length of delay seen in 15 legs of 14 patients who met the criteria for PS is compared with that seen in 7 unaffected contralateral limbs. Mean delay of H-reflex was 2.346 msec for affected legs and 0.368 msec for the combined control groups [p<0.01]. There were no significant differences in delay latency between control group and amplitude between all groups [p>0.05]

Evaluation of prevalence of LBP and its effects on lower limb amputees life referred to Helal Ahmar rehabilitation center

LBP is a problem for lower limb amputees that is often ignored despite its adverse effects on their life. This research is trying to identify the prevalence of LBP among lower limn amputees visited at Helal Ahmar Rehabilitation Center. This is a cross sectional study that was conducted on 68 lower limb amputees. Two questionnaires were used for data collection. Also, amputees were examined by the researcher for scoliosis. Then data were analyzed using spss version 11.5. 73% was suffering from LBP. Pain severity was 5-6 on VAS. LBP directly affected their life, prosthesis weight was not heavy and amputees used their prosthesis 10 hours a day. More than 62.5% of LBP amputees showed scoliosis. LBP is prevalent among lower limb amputees. Among many factors may cause LBP-such as level of amputation, time from amputation, only scoliosis showed significant relation with LBP

[Preliminary study of obtaining H-reflex from opponens pollisis muscle in patients with fibromyalgia in comparison with controls]

Central hypersensitive syndrome is a group disorders with no paraclinic tests to be diagnosed and Fibromyalgia is at top of them. Goal of this study is not only application of opponens pollicis H-Reflex recording as auxiliary paraclinic test for of Fibromyalgia although emphasis on hypercentralization as its probable cause. In this case-control study 30 patients of Fibromyalgia was referred to Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of Emam reaza and Milad Hospital and 30 healthy subjects were investigated for obtaining H-Reflex of opponens pollicis muscles. Other measure parameters include: Intensity of stimulation and amplitude of H-Reflex. H-Reflex obtaining of opponens pollicis in patients suffer from Fibromyalgia was significant [P-value>0.05]. Besides intensity of stimulation is significantly lower in Fibromyalgia but amplitude comparison of both groups did not show significant change. H-reflex recording opponens pollicis is possible in patients of Fibromyalgia

[Local corticosteroid injection and low level laser therapy [LLLT] in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis: a comparison study]

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is a common problem of upper extremity. There are various modalities of nonsurgical treatment for this disease including: low level laser therapy and local corticosteroid injection. Efficacy of these options is compared in this study

Material and Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 patients with lateral epicondylitis randomly assigned to two groups [1-local corticosteroid injection, 2- low level laser therapy]. At first visit, 4[th] and 8[th] weeks after treatment patient symptoms assessed by VAS, "pain threshold" measured with Algometer, "maximum strength of gripping" assessed by Dynamometer and the Modified Nirschle Stage and QUICK DASH questionnaire completed

Results: In both groups, assessment of symptoms at 4[th] and 8[th] weeks after treatment showed that most patients had better condition in comparison to base status. Only in group 1 "pain threshold" at 4[th] and 8[th] week and "maximum strength of gripping" at 8[th] week and in group 2 "pain threshold" and "maximum strength of gripping" At 4[th] and 8[th] week had no significant difference in comparison to base status. Comparison of severity of symptoms between two groups did not show any significant difference after treatment

Conclusion: Findings of present study show similarity of local prednisolone injection and use of Low Level Laser in the treatment of Lateral epicondylitis

[Influence of intercessory praying on clinical signs and diagnostic findings of patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome]

Background: carpal tunnel syndrome [CTS] is the most common entrapment neuropathy with annual cost of about one billion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of intercessory prayer in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome

Methods and materials: in this cross sectional interventional study, patients with electrophysiologically- confirmed diagnosis of CTS had inclusion criteria during 2005 autumn underwent intercessory praying. They were evaluated for subjective symptoms with [VAS 10 cm], objective signs and electrodiagnostic parameters before and 6 weeks after a three-week intercessory praying

Results: 12 patients with 23 hands were enrolled. At 6 weeks after the end of the therapy, subjective symptoms, phalen. reverse phalen and electro diagnostic findings [Median DSL and DML] showed significant changes. [CI 95%. P< 0.05]. Tinel test and Flick Sign, had no statisticaIly significant changes [P >0.05]. About 47/8 of cases cured completely and the others changed so much; however; there were no statistically significant changes in CTS grades in Chi square test. It May be due to the patients low count. 74.99% of patients were satisfied or highly satisfied with the therapy

Conclusion: we recommended that intercessory praying [IP] should be considered as a cost - effective. non invasive, low side effect treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome. It deserves to be studied more with enough patient sampling

[ comparative study of distal latency of Palmar cutaneous branch of Median nerve with its main sensory branch among patients with diabetic neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome and normal population]

Background: It was established that nerve conduction studies are very sensitive and reliable in diagnosis of the diabetic neuropathy. In addition, it was known that asymptomatic carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosed by neuroelectrophysiologic study, is common in patients with diabetes. So, they should be differentiated to select appropriate treatment. This study was designed to identify distal latency ratio of palmar cutaneous branch of median to main branch of median [PCDL/MDL] in the normal, diabetic neuropathy and carpal tunnel syndrome [CTS]

Materials and methods: In the analytic, descriptive cross-sectional study, 60 patients with diabetic neuropathy, 60 patients with CTS and 60 normal cases who presented to 501 army medical center in Tehran, included in the study during 2004.The latency of main branch of median and its palmar cutaneous branch was measured by using EMG-NCV device in each patients

Results: The mean distal latencies of main branch of median nerve in normal, diabetic neuropathy and CTS groups were 3.23+/-0.2, 4.48+/-0.29 and4.10+/-0.21, respectively [P<0.05].The mean distal latencies of palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve in normal, diabetic neuropathy and CTS groups were 2.19+/-0.17, 2.81+/-0.12 and 2.25+/-0.18 [P<0.05]. The mean ratio of PCDL/MDL in normal, diabetic neuropathy and carpal tunnel syndrome groups were 0.67+/-0.07, 0.62+/-0.02 and 0.54+/-0.04, respectively [P<0.05].The PCDL/MDL ratio was not statistically depended on sex in each group. In normal and CTS group, PCDL/MDL ratio had direct colerration with age respectively [0.4 and 0.2] [P<0.05]. In patients with diabetic neuropathy, PCDL/MDL ratio had reverse colerration with age [P<0.05, -0.6]

Conclusions: In patients with diabetic neuropathy, the mean PCDL/MDL ratio was more than that in patients with CTS [P<0.05]

comparitive study of distal latency of palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve with its main sensory branch among patients with diabetic neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome and normal population

It was established that nerve conduction studies are very sensitive and reliable in diagnosis of the diabetic neuropathy. In addition, it was known that asymptomatic carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosed by neuroelectrophysiologic study, is common in patients with diabetes. So, they should be differentiated to select appropriate treatment. This study was designed to identify distal latency ratio of palmar cutaneous branch of median to main branch of median [PCDL/MDL] in the normal, diabetic neuropathy and carpal tunnel syndrome [CTS]. ln the analytic, descriptive cross-sectional study, 60 patients with diabetic neuropathy, 60 patients with CTS and 60 normal cases who presented to 501 army medical center in Tehran, included in the study during 2004.The latency of main branch of median and its palmar cutaneous branch was measured by using EMG-NCV device in each patients. The mean distal latencies of main branch of median nerve in normal, diabetic neuropathy and CTS groups were 3.23 +/- 0.2, 4.48 +/- 0.29 and4.10 +/- 0.21, respectively [P<0.05].The mean distal latencies of palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve in normal, diabetic neuropathy and CTS groups were 2.19 +/- 0.17, 2.81 +/- 0.12 and 2.25 +/- 0.18 [P<0.05]. The mean ratio of PCDL/MDL in normal, diabetic neuropathy and carpal tunnel syndrome groups were 0.67 +/- 0.07, 0.62 +/- 0.02 and 0.54 +/- 0.04, respectively [P<0.05].The PCDL/MDL ratio was not statistically depended on sex in each group. In normal and CTS group, PCDL/MDL ratio had direct colerration with age respectively [0.4 and 0.2] [P<0.05]. In patients with diabetic neuropathy, PCDL/MDL ratio had reverse colerration with age [P<0.05, -0.6]. In patients with diabetic neuropathy, the mean PCDL/MDL ratio was more than that in patients with CTS [P<0.05].

[ case report: Refsum's disease]

Background: Refsum's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder. The clinical features include retinitis pigmentosa, blindness, anosmia, deafness, ataxia and accumulation of phytanic acid in plasma

Case report: A 12 -year old boy presented with retinitis pigmentosa, sensorineural deafness and distal lower limb weakness and wasting from two years ago. Physical examination did not reveal an objective area of sensory loss. We detected muscles wasting in bilateral legs. Deep tendon reflexes at the ankles and knees were absent bilaterally. Upper limb reflexes were decreased and his gait was ataxic. In electrodiagnostic study, findings were compatible with motor and sensory neuropathy. Phytanic acid in serum analysis was highly raised

Conclusions: Although rare, Refsum's disease is partially treatable and early recognition may prevent visual and auditory deterioration

case report: Refsum's disease

Refsum's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder. The clinical features include retinitis pigmentosa, blindness, anosmia deafness, ataxia and accumulation of phytanic acid in plasma. A 12-year old boy presented with retinitis pigmentosa, sensorineural deafness and distal lower limb weakness and wasting two years ago. Physical examination did not reveal an objective area of sensory loss. We detected muscles wasting in bilateral legs. Deep tendon reflexes at the ankles and knees were absent bilaterally. Upper limb reflexes were decreased and his gait was ataxic. In electrodiagnostic study, findings were compatible with motor and sensory neuropathy. Phytanic acid in serum analysis was highly raised. Although rare, Refsum's disease is partially treatable and early recognition may prevent visual and auditory deterioration

[ frequency of radiculopathy based on the nerve conduction velocity and Electromyography finding in patients with refferal pain of neck and lumbar]

Background: One of the most common problem in the human society is referral pain of the vertebral columns which can results limited range of motion and work less, because of the radiculopathy is important in determining of the prognosis and treatment method, the aim of this study is assess the frequency of the neck and back radiculopathy in patient admitted in 501 hospital during 4 years

Method and Materials: this is a cross sectional study on the 334 pateints with referral vertebral columns pain who 120 patienst have neck pain and 120 low back pain

Results: 71.5% with referral back pain and 44.17% with referral neck pain had radiculopathy. 50% of men and 32.6% of women with referral neck pain had radiculopathy.71 % of men and 57% of women with referral back pain had radiculopathy the most frequency was between 40 and 50 years

Conclusion: according to the results, all the referral vertebral column aren't from the root involvements. The frequency of the radiculopathy of the neck in females is lower

[ study of comparison between the morphologic types of the patella in patients with chondromalasia with normal person]

Background: The purpose of this research is comparison between the morphologic types of the patella in patients with chondromalacia with normal persons

Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, we ordered the radiologic views of the patella [lateral view in 30 degree flexion and patellar view] from patients with chondromalacia and normal persons

Results: in morphology ratio classification, 60% of normal persons were in morphology type 1, 40% in morphology type II and there was no one in type III. In wiberg classification, 57% of normal persons were in morphology type I, 43% in type II and no one in type III. In morphology ratio classification, 74% of patient with chondromalacia were in type I, 13% in type II and 13% in type III. In wiberg classification, 17% in type I, 83% in type II and no one in type III

Conclusion: In morphology ratio classification, morphology type II is associated with high prevalence in normal person with respect to patients with chondromlacia. In wiberg classification, morphology type I is associated with high prevalence in normal persons with respect to patient with chondromalacia

[ frequency of radiculopathy based on the nerve conduction velocity and electromyography finding in patients with refferal pain of neck and lumbar]

Background: One of the most common problem in the human society is referral pain of the vertebral columns which can results limited range of motion and work less. because of the radiculopathy is important in determining of the prognosis and treatment method, the aim of this study is assess the frequency of the neck and back radiculopathy in patient admitted in 501 hospital during 4 years

Method and Materials: this is a cross sectional study on the 334 patients with referral vertebral columns pain who 120 patients have neck pain and 120 low back pain

Results: 71.5% with referral back pain and 44.17% with referral neck pain had radiculopathy. 50% of men and 32.6% of women with referral neck pain had radiculopathy. 71% of men and 57% of women with referral back pain had radiculopathy the most frequency was between 40 and 50 years

Conclusion: according to the results, all the referral vertebral column aren't from the root involvements. The frequency of the radiculopathy of the neck in females is lower

[ study of comparison between the morphologic types of the patella in patients with chondromalasia with normal person]

Background: The purpose of this research is comparison between the morphologic types of the patella in patients with chondromalecia with normal persons

Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, we ordered the radiologic views of the patella [lateral view in 30 degree flexion and patellar view] from patients with chondromalacia and normal persons

Results: in morphology ratio classification, 60% of normal persons were in morphology type I, 40% in morphology type II and there was no one in type Ill. In wiberg classification, 57% of normal persons were in morphology type I, 43% in type II and no one in type Ill. In morphology ratio classification, 74% of patient with chondromalacia were in type I, 13% in type II and 13% in type Ill. In wiberg classification, 17% in type I, 83% in type II and no one in type Ill

Conclusion: In morphology ratio classification, morphology type II is associated with high prevalence in normal person with respect to patients with chondromlacia. In wiberg classification, morphology type I is associated with high prevalence in normal persons with respect to patient with chondromalacia